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02-concepts.mdwn
[[!meta title=“1.2 | Concepts”]]
Concepts
In Smaoin, information is expressed using statements. Each statement is a tuple - more precisely, a quadruple (4-tuple). The four elements of a statement are called its conponents: identifier, subject, predicate, object. Each component of a statment is a Smaoin entity, therefore a statement is a tuple of 4 entities.
Each statement expresses one fact. For example, “John is a person” is expressed by a single statement. Information in the Smaoin world is therefore a set of statements.
Idan, as a computer language for Smaoin, essentially allows the user to express a set of statements. An Idan document usually isn’t a list of quad because of all the human-friendly syntax forms, but these forms are eventually mapped to individual statements.
Smaoin’s resource identifiers, the Uids, are intentionally random and meaningless, which makes them quite ugly and unreadable for humans. Idan provides several mechanisms for referring to resources without typing Uids, one of which is a localized namespace-label system. This system allows to refer to resources by name, and names can be localized to any human language.
Smaoin itself is just a model, and isn’t enough for straight-forward expression of information. This is similar to how a programming language isn’t enough by itself, and is usually accompanied by a standard library providing basic commonly needed functionality. Basic definitions and modeling tools for effective use of Smaoin are provided by the [[/projects/Kadma]] definition framework.